Not fully vaccinated, placed in lockdown
Introduction
https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/coronavirus-data-explorer?tab=map&zoomToSelection=true&facet=none&pickerSort=asc&pickerMetric=location&Metric=Confirmed+cases&Interval=7-day+rolling+average&Relative+to+Population=true&Align+outbreaks=false&country=USA~GBR~CAN~AUS~IRL~NZL
Austria
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-59283128
Two million, not fully vaccinated, placed in lockdown
Spot checks in public spaces (e1,450)
Chancellor Alexander Schallenberg
We are not taking this step lightly, but unfortunately it is necessary
In reality we have told one third of the population: you will not leave your home apart from for certain reasons
That is a massive reduction in contacts between the vaccinated and the unvaccinated
Initially for 10 days
(Children under 12 and recently recovered exempt)
Prof Eva Schernhammer, Medical University of Vienna
It’s already projected that within two weeks we’ll have reached the limit
Vaccinations x 4
Australia, Queensland
Ban on unvaccinated, restaurants, pubs, sports events from 17 December
Singapore
Unvaccinated, to pay for their own medical bills from December
Netherlands
Early closing for restaurants and shops, sporting events
ONS
https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/articles/coronaviruscovid19latestinsights/vaccines
Tested positive for COVID-19 antibodies in the week beginning 18 October 2021 (over 18s)
93.1% in England
91.7% in Wales
90.9% in Northern Ireland
92.5% in Scotland
Vaccination reduced the risk of testing positive during both the Alpha and Delta period
Two doses of Pfizer-BioNTech
Reduced the risk of testing positive by,
73% Delta
80% Alpha
Two doses of Oxford-AstraZeneca
Reduced the risk of testing positive by,
62% Delta
76% Alpha
During the Delta period
Two doses of either Pfizer-BioNTech or Oxford-AstraZeneca provided a similar level of protection from previous natural infection
UK, Health Security Agency
Effectiveness of Pfizer and AZ
In preventing hospitalisations
After the second dose
Aged, 16+
Therefore 12 million UK boosters have been given
Medical workers, over 50s, higher risk individuals
Herd immunity
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00728-2
https://www.latimes.com/science/story/2021-11-12/cdc-shifts-pandemic-goals-away-from-reaching-herd-immunity
70% 80% 90%
Original, alpha then delta
Waning immunity
Varying social behaviours
Breakthrough infections and infectivity
Uneven international vaccine roll out
Dr Jefferson Jones
CDC’s COVID-19 Epidemiology Task Force
very complicated
We would discourage thinking in terms of a strict goal
some kind of threshold where there’ll be no more transmission of infections may not be possible
Vaccines, quite effective at preventing severe illness and death,
none has proved reliable at blocking transmission of the virus
Even if vaccination were universal, the coronavirus would probably continue to spread
Dr, Oliver Brooks, CDC Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices
Need to increase vaccine uptake
Jones’ unexpected admission almost makes you less motivated to get more people vaccinated
Dr John Brooks, chief medical officer for the CDC’s COVID-19 response
It’s a science-communications problem
It’s impossible to predict what herd immunity will be in a new pathogen until you reach herd immunity
CDC, redefine success in terms of new infections and deaths
Source